| [Member (365WT)]answers [Chinese ] | Time :2019-09-15 | (1) Large volume of transportation.
An oil pipeline can continuously complete the transportation task. Depending on the size of the pipe diameter, its annual transportation capacity can reach several million tons to several tens of thousands of tons, or even more than 100 million tons.
(2) Small land occupation.
The transportation pipeline is usually buried underground, and it occupies very little land. The construction practice of the transportation system proves that the part of the transportation pipeline buried in the underground accounts for more than 95% of the total length of the pipeline, so the permanent occupation of the land is rare, only 3% of highways and about 10% of railways. In the transportation planning system, priority is given to pipeline transportation schemes, which is of great significance for saving land resources.
(3) Pipeline transportation construction period is short and the cost is low.
A large number of practices in the construction of transportation systems at home and abroad have proved that the construction period of pipeline transportation systems is generally shorter than 1/3 of the railway construction period of the same volume..Historically, China’s construction of a 1,152-kilometer oil pipeline from Daqing to Qinhuangdao took only 23 months. If it is necessary to build a railway with the same amount of transportation, it will take at least three years, from Xinjiang to Shanghai. The 4,200-kilometer natural gas transportation pipeline is expected to have a construction period of no more than two years. However, if a new railway line with the same capacity is built, the construction period will be more than three years, especially the geological and geomorphic conditions and climatic conditions are relatively poor. The difficulty of the railway will be greater and the cycle will be longer. Statistics show that the construction cost of the pipeline is about 60% lower than that of the railway...
Comparison of natural gas pipeline transportation with its liquefied shipping (LNG). For example, to transport 300m3/a (cubic meters per year) of natural gas, such as the construction of 6,000 kilometers of pipeline investment of about 12 billion US dollars; and the construction of the same scale (20 million tons) of LNG plant investment needs more than 20 billion US dollars In addition, about 20 LNG ships with a capacity of 125,000 cubic meters are required, and a LNG ship with a capacity of 125,000 cubic meters is costing more than 200 million U.S. dollars, and the total shipbuilding cost is about 4 billion U.S. dollars. In terms of investment alone, the use of LNG is much higher than the pipeline.
(4) Pipeline transportation is safe, reliable and continuous.
Because oil and natural gas are flammable, explosive, volatile, and easy to leak, the use of pipeline transportation is safe, and can greatly reduce the loss of volatilization. At the same time, the pollution of air, water and soil caused by leakage can be greatly reduced. Pipeline transportation can better meet the greening requirements of transportation engineering. In addition, because the pipeline is basically buried underground, its transportation process has little impact on the climatic conditions, which can ensure the long-term stable operation of the transportation system.
(5) Pipeline transportation has low energy consumption, low cost and good efficiency.
Developed countries use pipelines to transport oil. The energy consumption per ton of kilometer is less than 1/7 of that of railways. The transportation cost in large-scale transportation is close to that of water transportation. Therefore, under waterless conditions, pipeline transportation is the most energy-efficient transportation method. . Pipeline transportation is a continuous project. There is no no-load travel in the transportation system, so the transportation efficiency of the system is high. Theoretical analysis and practical experience have proved that the larger the pipe diameter, the longer the transportation distance, the larger the transportation volume, the more the transportation cost. Low, taking transportation oil as an example, the transportation cost ratio of pipeline transportation, water transportation, and railway transportation is 1:1:1.7. |
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