| [Visitor (58.214.*.*)]answers [Chinese ] | Time :2020-09-28 |  The Soviet-made KPV 14.5mm heavy machine gun is in a flat firing state. This gun is not sufficiently fixed. It is difficult to control only the tripod is affected by vibration, which seriously affects the shooting accuracy. The DShk-38 type 12.7mm on its side The machine gun will be better.
The 14.5 mm caliber is said to be a continuation of the two anti-tank guns of the Simeonov PTRS-41 and the Tegtyalev PTRD-41 during the Second World War. Due to the emergence of tanks, the infantry company (with battle defense guns above the battalion) needs a reliable At that time, the only anti-tank weapons used were anti-tank grenades and Molotov cocktail Molotov cocktails. They could only attack tanks within a few meters, which was not only ineffective but extremely dangerous! Therefore, it is necessary to develop a weapon that penetrates the armor of the tank at a distance of 150 meters. The anti-tank gun was developed based on this need. At that time, Master Simonov and Master Gedizhev thought that the 12.7 mm caliber was a bit small and not enough to penetrate 30. The frontal armor of the millimeter-thick tank needs to be increased in caliber... So the 14.5 mm caliber unique to the Soviet Union appeared.
The PTRD-41 anti-tank gun in "Panfilov 28 Warriors" has a square muzzle brake, while the muzzle brake of PTRS-41 is round. Anti-tank guns did not last long before they retreated to the second line, because in the middle and late stages of World War II, the armor of tanks became thicker and thicker, and 14.5 mm was too big to be able to do it!
Immediately after World War II, the East and the West entered a state of cold war. In order to counter the air superiority of the Western military groups, the Soviet Union "picked up" the 14.5 mm caliber and took advantage of its 40% greater power than the 12.7 mm caliber. A special 14.5mm large-caliber anti-aircraft machine gun was released to counter the low-altitude aircraft of the Western military. However, the dedicated anti-aircraft machine gun did not serve for long in the front-line troops, because the aircraft entered the jet era in the early 1950s, and the anti-aircraft machine guns were no longer able to fight against high-speed jets.
Soviet ZPU-4 14.5mm anti-aircraft machine gun. This anti-aircraft machine gun weighs about 2 tons. It has no maneuverability and needs to be towed by a vehicle. Although it can be disassembled into large pieces and carried by animal forces, it is still heavy. After the Vietnam War, there were very few shots down in the fight against various types of US jets. The reason was that the bullets were too weak, and the range and height were too close/too low.
Compared with the refinement of the caliber of Soviet infantry firearms, the Western army is taking the road of reducing the caliber. The reason is to reduce the logistical burden. The heavy machine gun is only the American M2 12.7 mm caliber model, and the basic structure of the gun has been used for almost 100 years. There are no plans to develop new models for replacement. Western infantry company firepower is stratified: within 600 meters is the range of rifles and light machine guns, 600-1200 meters is the range of 12.7 mm heavy machine guns, and the farther distance is 60～ The 81mm caliber mortar now has a better connection between firepower. There is no gap. It also strikes at light civil engineering, suppresses individual rocket launchers, and snipers. 12.The 7mm heavy machine gun is fully competent. There is really no need to develop a larger caliber heavy machine gun. The Soviet army also used this kind of firepower configuration in the 1960s. Although 14.5mm was used to suppress the 12.7mm caliber, the heavy machine gun of this caliber was generally They are all installed on vehicles or arranged at fixed firepower points such as checkpoints and passes. It is rare to march with infantry companies on foot...
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In short, with the development of science and technology after World War II, the weapons of the infantry battalion company units have been refined and perfected, not only new rifles, but also sniper rifles, individual rocket launchers and automatic grenade machine guns (automatic grenade launchers), 60 ～120mm mortar... constitutes a very dense firepower strike system within 8000 meters. It is no longer the multi-purpose/multi-power era of World War II, so the 12.7mm heavy machine gun is in this system because of its weight. Relatively light (the bullet is also light, the carrying capacity will increase a bit), fully qualified for the task assigned to it, on the contrary, it is more flexible than the 14.5mm machine gun, but the 14.5mm heavy machine gun is used on vehicles and as a ship auxiliary weapon in range and power Is better than 12.7mm heavy machine gun...
The principle of using weapons and equipment depends on the needs of the battlefield, and each has its own actual needs, so 14.5 mm and 12.7 mm cannot be replaced with each other. |
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