| [Visitor (43.250.*.*)]answers [Chinese ] | Time :2023-03-16 |  Initial period
Born in the army, Justin I is said to be illiterate (according to Prokobi, during his reign as emperor, because he could not sign autographs, he needed to rely on "stamps"), and relied on his exploits and loyalty to become captain of the guard of Anastatius I (Prokobi's book "Records of War" contains a record of his participation in the Persian Wars). Therefore, he played an important role in the political contest behind Anastatius, and at the suggestion of Justinian, he used the situation to ascend to the throne (sixty-eight years old when he ascended the throne). After that, he appointed his nephew as Caesar, co-emperor, and eventually passed on to his nephew.
Heyday
In the 6th century, Eastern Rome's main enemies were its traditional old enemies: the Persians (Sassanid), the Slavs and the Bulgars. Theological debates, such as those over the oneness of Christ, were also important topics in the empire. But the Eastern Empire did not forget its roots in the West. Under the leadership of Justinian I and his illustrious general Belisarius, the Eastern Roman Empire even recaptured parts of its lost provinces in the west: much of Italy, North Africa, and Spain. These included the Apennine Peninsula, Libya, Tunisia, Algeria north of the present-day Atlas Mountains, and Tangier and the southernmost tip of the Iberian Peninsula in present-day Morocco.
Justinian recodified the statutes of ancient Rome and formulated the Encyclopedia of Civil Law. It is worth noting that the code was written in Latin, which at the time was considered an ancient language, and even many of the people who wrote the code did not speak the language.
In the 530s, under Justinian's rule, construction began on the Hagia Sophia (its original name Hagia Sophia, which means "divine wisdom" in Greek). The church later became the center of Byzantine religious life and Orthodoxy.
Decline period
During the reign of Justinian I, the dynasty reached its peak, but soon declined.
National strength is wasted
Justinian I left an empty treasury to his heirs, and his heirs could not cope with all the new enemies that suddenly appeared on the borders . In the time of Justinian, the earliest Si (542) and Avars (557) had already crossed the Danube. Since the heavy forces of the Empire were concentrated on the eastern border to fight Ilansahl, they were able to take advantage of the void from the northwestern part of the Empire. The Slavs crushed the imperial army stationed on Istria and captured all the major cities on the Adriatic coast, destroying the imperial defense system south of the Danube. Spain and Italy were also threatened by barbarian uprisings at this time.The Visigoths (418-711), a monarchy on the Iberian Peninsula, launched an all-out attack on the imperial possessions, driving Roman power out of the Iberian Peninsula, the Ostrogoths rebelled in Italy, and the Lombards invaded the Apennine Peninsula in 568 and established the Lombard Kingdom, leaving the empire with only part of the southern tip of the Apennine Peninsula and an insecure area between Ravenna and Rome...
The plague is rampant
Not surprisingly, several violent plagues also struck the territory of Eastern Rome. In 541 AD, plague began to break out in Egypt, a possession of the Eastern Roman Empire, and then quickly spread to the capital Constantinople and beyond.
At that time, there were many strange and terrifying scenes: when people were talking to each other, they involuntarily began to shake, and then fell to the ground; When people are shopping, standing there talking or counting change, death can come unexpectedly. The first to be infected with the plague were those who slept on the streets, and at its worst, 5,000 to 7,000 people died a day, or even tens of thousands.
Officials had to report to Justinian in extreme fear, the death toll soon exceeded 230,000, there were no more burial places, bodies had to be piled up in the streets, and the whole city smelled of corpses. Justinian himself came close to contracting the plague, and in fear, he ordered the construction of many huge tombs that could bury tens of thousands of corpses, and recruited workers to dig pits and bury the dead at great expense to stop the further spread of the plague. As a result, a large number of corpses, male and female, noble, elder and young, were covered with nearly a hundred layers and buried together. The plague killed 40% of the inhabitants of the city of Constantinople. It also continued to ravage for half a century until 1/4 of the Roman population died of the plague.The famine and civil strife caused by the plague completely shattered Justinian's ambitions and caused the Eastern Roman Empire to collapse...
The dynasty dies
The dynasty lasted under Morris (582-602) and Phocas (602-610). Due to foreign invasions and internal strife, the empire went from a state of extreme incompetence to an era of complete anarchy. In the end, the Justinian dynasty was finally replaced by the heraclius dynasty. |
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