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questions :Vanaduim
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[Visitor (112.0.*.*)]answers [Chinese ]Time :2023-02-06
vanadium

Electronic layer distribution: 2-8-11-2

Number of nuclear charges: 23

Electronic layer: K-L-M-N

Peripheral electronic layer arrangement: 3d³ 4s²

Crystal structure: The unit cells are body-centered cubic unit cells, and each unit cell contains 2 metal atoms.

Oxidation state:

Main V 3,V 4,V 5

Vanadium vanadium

Other V-3,V-1,V0,V 1,V 2

Unit cell parameters:

a = 303 pm

b = 303 pm

c = 303 pm

α = 90°

β = 90°

γ = 90°

Mohs hardness: 7

Ionization energy (kJ/mol)

M - M⁺ 650

M⁺ - M2⁺ 1414

M2⁺ - M3 2828

M3 - M4 4507

M4 - M5 6294

M5 - M6 12362

M6 - M7 14489

M7 - M8 16760

M8 - M9 19860

M9 - M10 22240

The rate at which sound travels: (m/s)

4560

Found by: Sef Staum

Year of discovery: 1830
The element vanadium was first discovered by Mexican mineralogist Celelieva in 1801 in a lead specimen containing vanadium. Because the salt solution of this new element appears bright red when heated, it was named "Eletroni", which means "red". But at the time, it was thought that it was the contaminated element chromium, so it was not recognized. Later, in 1830, he wrote that the Buddhist temple Telemu discovered it in iron extracted from Swedish iron ore and affirmed that it was a new element called vanadium.
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